Beloved Essays (775 words) - Beloved, Women And Death, Sethe

Beloved By Toni Morrison And Healing The theme of "healing" is ever present in the novel, Beloved by Toni Morrison. Many forms of "healing" take place, with many different characters undergoing the "healing" process. These forms of "healing" range from healing personal conflicts from within, to healing as a community, and by overcoming individual prejudices. I feel that the overcoming of individual prejudices is one of the most important aspects of this novel. Throughout the story, Sethe (the main character) has many encounters with a variety of people. These encounters leave a definite impression on her, which is why I think that Sethe does the most "healing," both from within and by overcoming her own prejudices. The meeting of Sethe and Amy Denver is the focal point of Sethe's "healing." This takes place when Sethe (being pregnant) is a slave on the run and goes into labor. She meets Amy Denver, an indentured servant who is leaving to Boston. At first, Amy doesn't seem that she wants to help Sethe because of her skin color, while Sethe isn't too trusting of Amy's white skin. Sethe later states, "You don't know how they'll jump. Say one thing do another"(Morrison 77). This kind of distrust is present in Sethe when she tells Amy that her name is "Lu." The combination of Amy's nonchalant attitude, and Sethe's distrust displays the prejudices of society at the time. As Sethe and Amy converse, Sethe realizes that Amy is unlike any other white person she has ever met. After Amy tells Sethe about her situation, and that she was also beaten by her "employer," Sethe realizes that not all whites were the slave owners, but in fact some were indentured servants. Amy then begins to massage Sethe's swollen feet, and says, "More it hurt, more better it is. Can't nothing heal without pain, you know" (Morrison 78). I think that at that point Sethe begins build trust towards trust Amy. Amy then goes and finds spiderwebs to heal Sethe's bleeding back, which displays Amy showing a little compassion and trust towards Sethe. As Amy again massages Sethe's feet, the reader begins to feel like they are no longer just black and white, but actual people that have feelings. I think that Morrison wants the reader to get this feeling that people are people and not property. I feel Amy agrees with this, but at the same time the prejudices in the society that she has grown up in makes her say things like, "She don't know nothing, just like you. You don't know a thing" (Morrison 80). Another example of how prejudices are intertwined with society, is the constant use of Sethe calling Amy "miss" throughout the passage. This relays a sort of cultural boundary, the fact that Amy can call Sethe by her first name but Sethe resorts to acting formally towards her. The actual delivery of Sethe's child is the climax to the "healing" of Sethe's own prejudices. Amy helps Sethe deliver the baby and with no hesitation, "Push!," screamed Amy (Morrison 84). Amy no longer thinks of herself as being different from Sethe, which overcomes some of her own prejudices. At that point, Amy just sees Sethe as a person who needs help and not a runaway slave that should be left alone. The line, "A pateroller passing would have sniggered to see two throw-away people, two lawless outlaws--a slave and a barefoot whitewoman with unpinned hair--wrapping a ten-minute-old baby in the rags they wore"(Morrison 84-85), better illustrates the bonding that has taken place. The conclusion to this incident was the naming of Sethe's child, which was aptly named, Denver. For Sethe to name her own daughter, (after killing her first because she didn't want her to grow up into slavery) after a whitewoman was a sign of "healing" that had taken place during that night. Sethe would now have a different opinion about white people, not to say that it would be that much different, but it definitely had changed it. In this novel Beloved, we see the "healing" that takes place within the individual. It is not a physical type of healing, but more of a psychological healing. This change, or healing may look insignificant, but to the individual (in this case Sethe) they have a new outlook on things. They have overcome a certain barrier and now can function in a new way of thinking. From that point on Sethe doesn't see all white people as devils, nor does she trust all of them, but by having Amy Denver help deliver her

Organisation Study at Mathrubhumi Printing and Publishing Ltd Essay Essay Example

Organisation Study at Mathrubhumi Printing and Publishing Ltd Essay Essay Example Organisation Study at Mathrubhumi Printing and Publishing Ltd Essay Paper Organisation Study at Mathrubhumi Printing and Publishing Ltd Essay Paper Essay Topic: Poes Short Stories Chapter IIntroduction IntroductionAn organisation is a societal group which distributes undertakings for a corporate end. An organisation is born when people combine their attempts for some common intent. It is a cosmopolitan truth that an person is unable to carry through his demands and want entirely because he lacks strength. ability and resources. So he seeks the cooperation of other people who portion ends with him. This organisation survey is carried out at Mathrubhumi Printing and Publishing Co. Ltd. Calicut. The organisation survey has been carried out to acquire an apprehension of the construction and operation of the organisation. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The chief aim of the survey is to do an overall survey of the organisation. * To analyze the overall public presentation of the organisation* To understand and measure the maps and activities of assorted sections * To derive an appropriate exposure to the existent work state of affairs in today’s competitory environment * To do an in deepness survey on assorted policies. processs and plans * To larn about the assorted facets of the industry * To analyse the strength. failing. chances and menaces of the company * To understand different merchandises and their place in the market in footings of circulation and readership * To understand the accomplishments and the aims of the organisation * To incorporate practical experience with theoretical constructs * To analyse the internal strength and failing and external menaces and chances of the organisation Scope OF THE STUDY The survey was intended to supply Industrial exposure to the trainee and bridge the spread between theory and pattern. The survey was merely covered the few sections of Mathrubhumi. Calicut viz. Hr. Marketing. financesection. Editorial. production section. purchase section. security and clip maintaining section and was intended merely for a period of one month from 3rd may 2010 to 30th may. The survey was chiefly conducted to understand the maps. procedures and processs of different sections of the company. This preparation study covers the inside informations of the sections in which the trainee could acquire entree and interact with responsible executives. Beginnings OF DATA COLLECTION This study is based on both primary and secondary informations collected from the company. 1. PRIMARY DATA The primary information is the first manus informations collected by the research worker himself and which is original in character. The primary information was obtained by: * Direct observation for a period of 30 yearss spent in the organisation * Data was collected straight from executives by direct observation. and face to confront interaction with the company usher. who is an HR executive 2. SECONDARY DATA The secondary information is a 2nd manus informations collected from books and other beginnings and this includes: * Diaries and magazines* Existing records in the company* Annual studies* Published paperss* Website of Mathrubhumi Printing and Publishing Ltd LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY * Lack of clip is a confining factor* It is more hard to acquire more inside informations from the functionaries as they were busy in their work * The clip period of the survey was for 30 yearss which made it hard to analyze each section in item * The organisation did non uncover its net income and loss or any other statistical informations Chapter IIIndustry PROFILE Introduction As an establishment of society. imperativeness is an bureau of mass communicating and communicating is an effectual tool of larning. It is the newspaper that made democracy is possible in the universe. The section of imperativeness enables intelligence to be diffused and public treatment to be conducted over broad country. Newspaper reaches huge public and no other force in public life is so persistently in its scope of entreaty and range as the imperativeness does. The immediate consequence of the printing imperativeness was to multiply the end product and cut the cost of books. If therefore made information available to a much larger section of population who were of class tidal bore of information of any assortment. Libraries could now hive away greater measures of information at much lower seashore. The printing imperativeness surely initiated an â€Å"An information revolution† on par with cyberspace today. Printing could and did distribute new thoughts rapidly and with g reater impact. Printing stimulated the literacy of laic people can finally came to hold a deep and permanent impact on their private lives. Although most of the earliest book dealt with spiritual topic. pupils. man of affairs. upper and in-between category people bought books of all topics. Printers respond with moralization. medical. practical and travelling manuals. Printing provided superior rudimentss for scholarship and prevented the farther corruptnesss of texts through manus copying by giving all scholars the same text to work signifier. it made advancement in critical scholarship and scientific discipline faster and more dependable. NEWS PAPERS – A Brief History The recognition of gestating a â€Å"newspaper† really goes to Julius Caesar who in the 59 BC ( approx. ) . started Acta Diurnal an activity to inform the populace about import and societal and political occurrence. where in approaching events were written on big white boards and displayed in popular public topographic points like the â€Å"baths† . The Acta kept citizens informed about authoritiesdirts military runs. test and executing. In the eighth century the first newspaper appeared as manus written intelligence sheets in Beijing. The printing imperativeness. invented by Johann Guten Berg in 1447. ushered in the country of the modern newspaper. Guten Berg’s machine enabled the free exchange of thoughts and the spread of cognition. During this Era. newssheets supplied a turning merchandiser category in German metropoliss by the late fifteenth Century. In 1556. the Venetian Government published Notizie Scritte. for which readers pay a little coin. or Gazette. In the first and half of the seventeenth century. newspaper began to look as regular and frequent publications. The first modern newspapers were merchandise of western European states like Germany ( printing relation in 1605 ) . France ( Gazette in 1631 ) . and Belgium ( Nieuwe as a tribunal diary ) . These periodical consisted chiefly of intelligence points from Europe and on occasion include information from America or Asia. They seldom covered domestic issues ; alternatively English paper study on Gallic paper in the half of the seventeenth century. In 1766. Sweden was the first state to go through a jurisprudence protecting imperativeness freedom. Broad cast wireless exploded on to the media scene in the 1920’s. Newspapers were founded to reassess their function as society’s primary information supplier like the new media engineerings of today. the development of a low cost. alternate media beginning produced rumbling that wireless would tumble the newspaper in pri nt remain a popular and powerful medium for the coverage and analysis of events that shape our lives. Harmonizing to the appraisal of universe association of newspaper. one billion people in the universe read a newspaper every twenty-four hours. NEWS PAPER IN INDIA Newspaper in India starts with William Bolts. an ex-employee of the British East India Company who attempted to get down the first newspaper in India in 1776. Thunderbolts had to crush a retreat under the disapproving regard of the tribunal of managers of the company. Then in 1780 James Augustus Hicky started Bengal Gazette. a two sheet newspaper that published the private lives of the â€Å"sahibs† of the company. In the newspaper. Hicky even dared to amount abusive onslaughts on the governor General and main justness. for which he was sentenced to one twelvemonth prison and fined Rs. 5000 which eventually drove him to penury. These were the first probationary stairss of news media in India. TheMadras messenger was in the southern strong clasp of Madras. Richard Johnson. its laminitis was a authorities pressman. Madras got its 2nd newspaper when. in 1791. Hugh Boyd. who was the editor of the messenger quit and founded the Hurkaru. Tragically for the paper. it ceased publicati on when Boyd passed off within a twelvemonth of its initiation. It was merely in 1795 that rivals to the messenger emerged within the initiation of the Madras gazette followed by the Indian Herald. The latter was an authorized publication which led to the exile of its laminitis Humphreys. The Madras messenger was designated as the purveyor of official information in the presidential term. In 1878 the Hindu was founded. and played a critical function in advancing the cause of Indian independency from the colonial yoke. Its laminitis Kasturi Ranga Lyenger was a attorney and his boy K Sreenivasan assumed editorship of this pioneering newspaper during the first half of twentieth century. Some outstanding newspapers in pre-independence India were â€Å"The Times of India† ( 1861 ) . â€Å"pioneer† ( 1878 ) . â€Å"Indian Express† ( 1933 ) and â€Å"Hindustan† ( 1941 ) . compared with many other developing states the Indian imperativeness has flourished since i ndependency. In 2001 India had 45. 974 newspaper including 5. 346 day-to-day newspapers published in over 100 linguistic communications. The largest figure of newspapers were published in Hindi ( 20. 589 ) crores followed by English ( 7. 596 ) . Marathi ( 2. 943 ) . Urdu ( 2. 906 ) . Bengali ( 2. 741 ) . Guajarati ( 2. 215 ) . Tamil ( 2. 919 ) . Kannada ( 1. 816 ) and Malayalam ( 1289 ) . The Hindi day-to-day imperativeness has circulation of over 23 million transcripts. followed by English with over 8 million transcripts. NEWS PAPER IN KERALAKerala is a province with high literacy rate. which implies that most of the people in Kerala at least to read their female parent lingua. This provides the newspaper. industry a good market in Kerala. This besides might be the ground that many new participants are coming to this industry. Another ground for this exigency of the new participant is that Kerala is known to be a consumer province ; it has got a ample market for many merchandises. So the competition between the newspapers in Kerala is really high. The things which really contribute the image of the newspaper are its repute. intelligence coverage or edibleness. range. quality. List OF NEWSPAPERS IN KERALA Name OF NEWSPAPERS LANGUAGE Anweshanam MalayalamDeepika Malayalam Deepika Global English Deshabhimani Malayalam Janmabhumi English Kerala Kaumudi Malayalam Kerala Next English Madhyamam Malayalam Mathrubhumi Malayalam Malayala Manorama Malayalam New Kerala English Varthalokham Malayalam ProKerala News Malayalam Chapter IIICompany PROFILE History AND GROWTH Conceived as the mouthpiece of India’s freedom motion. Mathrubhumi is one of the favorites among the Malayalam newspapers. The first transcript of Mathrubhumi was published on 18th of March 1923 – the twenty-four hours before the first day of remembrance of Mahatma Gandhi’s apprehension for the first by the British constabulary. Led by K. P. Kesava Menon. the outstanding freedom combatant. as Editor and K. Madhavan Nair as Managing Director. Mathrubhumi was envisaged for distributing the message of the great National Movement. In the beginning. the paper was published a hebdomad and caput merely one edition from Kozhikode ( Calicut ) . A newspaper born out of grim passion of freedom combatants. Mathrubhumi went on to go an unalienable portion of Kerala’s societal cloths. Now with 14 editions. including 1s at New Delhi. Bangalore. Chennai and Mumbai it has an impressive circulation of over one million transcripts. The history of Mathrubhumi is synonymous wi th the history of the state’s freedom motion. and that of Indian National Congress. Before Mathrubhumi come into being. there were our Malayalam newspapers ( ‘Kerala Patrika’ . ‘Kozhikodan Manorama’ documents. ‘Champion’ . ‘West Coast Reformer’ and ‘Spectator’ ) . which are being published from Kozhikode. But none of these documents favored the freedom motion spearheaded by the Congress. Alternatively. they supported the British Rule. K. P. Kesava Menon. who was so Secretary of Kerala State Congress Committee. realized the pressing demand for a pro-freedom motion publication from the Malabar part. And he. along with his intimates like K. Madhavan Nair. Kuroor Neelakandan Namboothirippad.K. Kesava Nair and P. Achutham. resolved to register The Mathrubhumi Printing and Publication Company Limited with an authorised capital of Rs. 1. 00. 000/- in 20. 000 portions of Rs. 5/- each However. the company was able to rol l up an sum of Rs. 15. 000/- merely. And the enrollment took topographic point on 15th February 1922. K. Madhavan Nair became the first Managing Director of the Company. But. months subsequently. he resigned from the place due to ground really personal. replaced by K. P. Kesava Menon. On 13th November 1922. the Company acquired the Empress Victoria by Kuruppathu Kesava Menon. The first edition of the paper carried a strong message for the National Movement and a pledge to unite the un-organized Malayalees. The column had an intense loyal tone ; emphasizing on the demand for existent freedom from disparity. divisions and deformations. Furthermore. it expressed a willingness to stand with the common mans during their tests and trials in life. Built on strong journalistic moralss and high aesthetic mentality. Mathrubhumi shortly excelled all other newspapers of that clip ; and in the procedure rewriting the history of Malayalam newspapers. Great poets like Vallathol Narayana Menon frequently expressed their loyal feeling through the columns of the mathrubhumi. inspiration the freedom combatants. Many loyal vocals and characteristics were popularized among the common mans every bit good as intelligence and facts about the freedom motion. Since so the Mathrubhumi has non looked back. All along the line. it has consistency played important functions in societal reformation motions such as the ‘Vaikom Satyagraha’ and the ‘Guruvayur Satyagraha’ . The twenty-four hours when Vaikom Satyagraha began ( April 1. 1924 ) . the Mathrubhumi came out with a harsh and crisp unfavorable judgment against the societal favoritism practiced in Kerala. Furthermore. while actively take parting in the Satyagraha. K. P. Kesava Menon was arrested and sends to the Pujappura Central Jail at Thriruvananthapuram. Eminent personalities like P. Ramunni Menon. K. Kellappan. P. Narayana Nair. C. H. Kunjappa. V. M Nair. K. A. D amodara Menon and so forth served as Editors of the paper. On figure occasions Mathrubhumi had run into problem for back uping the National motion. The Madras Government ordered to indue a bond PF Rs. 2000/- for an column piece that appeared on 7th September 1923. which reprobated the British regulation. As a consequence the paper was forced to print without the columns until January 11. 1933. Similarly. during theQuit India motion in 1942 the Mathrubhumi had to abandon the column column. And for printing a characteristic on the European soldiers’ misbehaviour with adult females in Kochi. the Government had the Mathrubhumi banned. But strong protests against the determination made the Government cancel the order. Similarly. the newspaper was banned in the Travancore part for nine old ages for a series of articles it wrote against the absolutism of Divan Sir C. P. Ramaswami Iyer. In 1932. with the launch of ‘Mathrubhumi Illustrated Weekly’ . the company entered a new that nurtured the callings of most colossuss of Malayalam literature. like Jnanpith laureates G. Sankara Kurup. S. K. Pottakkad. Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai and M. T. Vasudevan Nair. And it still is the Prime Minister literary magazine in Malayalam. printing some of the most exciting voices in the poesy and fiction. In 1940. the Mathrubhumi launched a humourous magazine. Viswaroopsm. with Sanjayan ( M. R. Niar ) as the Editor. Yugaprabhat. a bi-monthly in Hindi. was besides published with N. V Krishna Warrier as Editor. These two publications are no longer in print. In 1979 the Company launched Grihalakshmi. a magazine entirely for the adult females of Kerala. Chitrabhumi in 1982. a magazine providing the involvements of the Malayalam film fans. followed it. The hebdomadal for occupation chances Thozhilvartha was launched in 1992. After two old ages. it was the bend of Mathrubhumi for kids came out in 1996 and in 1997 the wellness magazine in Malayalam. Mathrubhumi Arogyamasika happened. Mathrubhumi Books. the publication house. has already made a grade of its ain in Malayalam Publishing industry. The house has published the fictions and non-fictions of about all the well-known authors in Malayalam. On 5thSeptember. 1997 the Company launched the on-line edition World Wide Web. mathrubumi. com for the planetary Malayalees. And in the month of June. 2005 the cyberspace edition was upgraded as a portal with many channels. Today. the Mathrubhumi Group is non merely a fast turning printing house of reputation but besides a corporate entity in the mass communicating industry. and has struck deep roots in the Black Marias of Malayalees wherever they are. it has besides put an unerasable cast on the art of cultural skylines of Kerala with one-year mega events such as ‘Mathrubhumi Kalotsavam’ and The Mathrubhumi Film Award Functions’ . The company entered the universe of telecasting and televising with a important production house. MBTV ( Mathrubhumi Television ) . whichhas been bring forthing Serials and Tele movies of the highest quality. Taking a measure into the universe of broadcast medium. the group has launched FM Stationss in four major territory of Kerala. vi z. Thriruvananthapuram. Ernakulum. Thrissur. and Kannur. The Stationss guarantee great music and greater merriment – an effectual blend of substring tune and fast figure for the young person. Round the clock it enchants you with scintillating music. peppered with tips of fittingness. manner. beauty. quiz and batch more. The latest add-on to our wings is Mathrubhumi music. which is a meaningful measure in to the universe of enrapturing music. OWNERSHIP PATTERN Based on the northern Kerala town of the Kozhikode. Mathrubhumi was founded in 1923 in the wake of Gandhiji’s non co-operative motion as a populace limited company. This position makes it rare among newspapers. which tend to be closely held private companies owned by a individual household. Mathrubhumi is governed by Board of Directors. There are 11 members in the Board. Chairman A ; Managing Directors – M. P Veerendra Kumar Managing Editor – P. V Chandran Other Directors – Mr. M. J Vijaya Padaman Adv Bhaskara MenonMr. P. V GangadharanCol P. V. M. AchuthanMr. P. V NidhishMs. Kalpana Krishna MohanMr. Mohandas RadhakrishnanMr. M. V Sreyams KumarDr. T. K Jayaraj LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF THE ORGANIZATION The Mathrubhumi Printing and Publishing Company is a public limited company. VISION AND MISSION â€Å"Sathyam samathwam swatandryam† Which means Truth Equality and Independence. SISTER CONCERNS* FM wireless channel nine FM* Mathrubhumi telecasting MBTV Milestone 18th March 1923: Mathrubhumi newspaper opened for the 1st clip. It was conceived as a paper published thrice in a hebdomad ( Tuesday. Thursday. and Saturday ) . 21st of October: The slogan truth equity freedom was foremost published on the flag. 6th April 1930: Mathrubhumi go a day-to-day. it was the twenty-four hours when Mahatma Gandhi defined the salt jurisprudence A ; walled from Sabarmati ashram to dandy. Gujarat. for salt Satyagraha. 18th January 1932: Mathrubhumi illus pated weekly was in print for the 1st clip. The screen page was that of Mahatma Gandhi. 13th January 1934: Mahatma Gandhi visited the Mathrubhumi office at Kozhikode. 28th December 1955: Initiates Jawaharlal Nehru visited the mathrubhumi office at Kozhikode. 25th may 1962: Second edition from Cochin. 1st July 1979: Grihalakshmi published for the 1st clip.24th November 1980: Third edition started from Trivandrum with offset imperativeness colour exposure installations 11th April 1982: Chitrabhumi was in print for the 1st clip. 16th July 1992: Fourth edition started from Trissur. 18th July 1992: Thozhilvartha published for the 1st clip.13th may 1993: Fifth edition from Kannur started.15th of June 1994: Mathrubhumi athleticss masika was in print for the really first clip. 14th may 1995: Sixth edition from Kottayam.1st of May 1996: Balabhumi printed for the 1st clip.19th February 1997: Arogyamasika published for the 1st clip. 5th September 1997: The on-line edition World Wide Web. mathrubhumi. com launched. 8th October 2000: Seventh edition from Malapuram.1st December 2000: Eight editions started from Kollam.19th February 2002: Ninths edition from Mumbai.18th April 2002: Tenth edition started from Chennai.22nd June 2002: Eleventh edition start from Bangalore.22nd August 2004: Twelfth edition start from Palakkad.12th of February 2007: Thirteenth edition start from New Delhi. 30th May 2010: Fourteenth edition start from Alappuzha. Rival Malayala ManoramaMalayala Manorama is a day-to-day newspaper. in Malayalam linguistic communication. published in the provinces of Kerala. India. It was foremost published as a hebdomadal on 14th March 1980. and presently has a readership for over 16million ( with a circulation base of over 1. 8 million transcripts ) . The Week ( India ) . an Indian weekly is besides brought out by the Manorama group. Manorama twelvemonth book is another popular annually publication by the Kottayam- Kozhikode based Manorama Group. It has 32 publications all over India in 5 linguistic communications ( English. Hindi. Malayalam. Tamil and Bengali ) . Deshabhimani This is a Malayalam newspaper tally by Communist party of India ( Marxist ) . It started as weekly in 1942 and converted to a daily in 1942. Deshabhimani now has six different editions: Kozhikode. Kochi. Trivandrum. Kannur. Kottayam and Trissur. Kerala Kaumudi It is a popular Malayalam newspaper founded in 1911. It is published from Trivandrum. Kollam. Alappuzha. Kochi. Kozhikode and Kannur in Kerala and Bangalore. Kerala Kaumudi is the most circulated Malayalam daily. The paper has on-line editions in Malayalam and English that are updated twice daily. Deepika It is one of the oldest newspapers published in India. The first issue came on April 15th. Deepika publishes editions from Kottayam. Kochi. Trissur. Trivandrum. and Kozhikode. MangalamLaunched Kottayam edition of the day-to-day on 16th of March 1989. It had low get downing edition from Kottayam territory. Later it dilated its wings with four more editions from Kozhikode. Kochi. Trivandrum and now the Mangalam weekly is in a fabulous place in competitory industry. Its circulation is about 3. 00. 000 now. PRODUCT PROFILE * Balabhumi ( Children’s publication ) * Grihalakshmi ( Women’s publication ) * Chitrabhumi ( Film publication ) * Thozhilvartha ( Opportunities publication- the taking calling weekly in India ) * Arogyamasika ( Health publication- the largest selling wellness magazine in India ) * Mathrubhumi Sports Masika ( Sports publication in Malayalam ) * Mathrubhumi Azhchapathippu ( Illustrated hebdomadally ) * World Wide Web. mathrubhumi. com ( The complete multipurpose portal in Malayalam ) * Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus – Malayalam ( Year book in Malayalam ) * Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus – English ( Year book in English ) * Mathrubhumi Yathra ( Travel magazine ) * Mathrubhumi Minnaminni ( For pre-primary/lower primary childs ) * Mathrubhumi Cartoon Plus MATHRUBHUMI ILLUSTRATED WEEKLYLaunched on 18th of January. 1932 Mathrubhumi Illustrated Weekly is still the number-one literary weekly in Malayalam. All through the twelvemonth the magazine has served the undertaking of conveying out the best in Malayalam Literature for the readers. GRIHALAKSHMI An sole magazine for the adult females of Kerala. Grihalakshmi. was launched in the twelvemonth 1979. And it was an initial success. Still. it’s a comprehensive magazine covering about all facet of feminine mind. CHITRABHUMIChitrabhumi. a magazine for film lovers. was in print for the first clip in the twelvemonth 1982. Conceived as a movie magazine which carries intelligence and characteristic from the film universe. Chitrabhumi is one of the popular publications in Kerala. THOZILVARTHA The first employment paper in Malayalam. Thozhilvartha. was an instant victory among the young persons of Kerala. Reporting about every employment chances in Kerala. the paper proves to be an option for the state’s enlightening cell in service sector. MATHRUBHUMI SPORTS MASIKA A complete monthly for the athleticss lovers of Kerala. Mathrubhumi Sports masika. was launched on 15th June. 1994. It’s greatly contributed for supplying an penetration into the national and international athleticss events. BALABHUMI Balabhumi was launched in the year1996. It’s a comprehensive children’s magazine. With cartoon strips. sketch. series. narratives and Proverbs. this bantam magazine is an all-time favourite among the children’s of all age groups. AROGYA MASIKA Foremost wellness magazine in Malayalam. Arogya Masika was foremost printed in the twelvemonth 1997. Published monthly. it is the largest merchandising periodicals on wellness and well-being. MATHRUBHUMI YATHRAFirst published in 2008. Mathrubhumi Yathra is devoted to travellers. The contents are of graphic paths. travelogues. location inside informations. paths A ; maps. hot spots. geographical histories and culinary arts. The magazine is now really popular and competently enriched with colorful exposures and travel guidelines. MATHRUBHUMI MINNAMINNI A bi-weekly in Malayalam for childs. Minnaminni was launched in the twelvemonth 2010. CARTOON PLUSAn sole sketch weekly for childs launched in November 2010. Chapter IIIORGANIZATION STRUCTURE MANAGING DIRECTOR A ; CHAIRMAN MANAGING Editor DIRECTOR – EDITORIAL ADMINISTRATIONDIRECTOR – MARKETING A ; ELECTRONIC MEDIA MB TelevisionCirculationADVEERTISEMENTBOOK STALL Editor PeriodicalEDITOR DAILY Journalists GENERAL MANAGER- WORKSSenior GENERAL MANAGER- FINANCE A ; PROJECTSenior GENERAL MANAGER- COMPANY AFFAIRS A ; Law DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER- HRD DEPUTY GM- ITDEPUTY GM- PRODUCTION HistoriesElectronic data processingPurchaseCIVIL CONSTRUCTIONS ForcesTimeCanteenSecurityDispatch Organization construction is the systematic agreement of the people working for the organisation to accomplish predefined ends. In Mathrubhumi. Managing manager and president is the same individual. one Mr. Veerendra Kumar. Under pull offing manager comes the pull offing editor Mr. P V Chandran. There are separate managers for column and selling. Marketing section includes circulation. advertizements. book stables and MBTV. In Mathrubhumi. there are separate editors for Daily and periodicals. There are separate general directors for company personal businesss. plants. finance and undertaking. Under finance and undertaking. it come the EDP. histories. purchase and civil building. Under general director works. it come the production and IT. HR section is headed by the deputy general director. It includes the forces. clip. canteen. security. dispatch. Chapter IVDEPARTMENTAL ANALYSIS DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS HR DEPARTMENT GENERAL STRUCUTRE CHAIRMAN AND MANAGING DIRCTORCHAIRMAN AND MANAGING DIRECTORECTOR DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER. GRD SENIOR MANAGER PERSONNEL TIME DEPATRMENTPERSONNEL DEPARTMENT CanteenDispatchSecurityPBXDrivers DEPARTMENTS The chief map of this section includes the use of the human resources efficaciously. constitution and care of productive and dignified working relationship among the participants and maximal single development of the members of the organisation. Mathrubhumi has dedicated squad of individuals. There are about 2500 forces in the organisation. The Deputy General Manager. HRD is the caput of the section and he is in charge of Human Resource Planning. Selection. Training and Development. Employee wellness and safety. public assistance activities. pay and salary disposal. keep good labour and processs. forces research and public presentation. FUNCTIONS OF HR DEPARTMENT * Human Resource Planning* Recruitment and Selection* Training and development* Promotion and reassign* Wage and salary disposal* Maintain good labour direction relation* Performance assessment* Grudges managing* Provide safety and public assistance strategies* Social security strategies etc. Categorization OF EMPLOYEES * Journalist – 6 hours’ work* Administrative staff – 7 hours’ work* Factory staff – 8 hours’ work Editor is the top degree and cogent evidence readers are at the bottom place of journalist employees. In the instance of administrative staffs at the lowest degree General Manager is at the top degree and Administrative staffs at the lowest degree. General Manager works at the top degree and mill workers at the bottom degree. MANPOWER PlanningManpower. personal Human resource may be regarded as the quantitative and qualitative measuring of work force required in the organisation. Manpower planning purposes at determining the work force demands of the organisation both in figure and sort. Here each section informs the forces section about the work force demand. Personnel section takes determinations to choose either internally or externally. RecruitmentAfter holding determined the figure and sorts of forces required. the DGM. HRD returns with the designation of beginnings of enlisting and happening suited campaigners for employment. Both internal and external beginnings of work force are used ChoiceChoice is a negative procedure because it aims at rejecting appliers who are unsuitable and offering occupations who are found suited. After having assorted applications the choice process is starts. Written trial. personal interview. group treatment etc. are done for choosing most suited campaigners. PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL SYSTEMThere may be some difference in the measure and quality of work done by different employees even on the same occupation. The basic intent of public presentation assessment is to ease orderly finding of an employee worth to an organisation of which he/she is a portion. In Mathrubhumi the public presentation assessment is reviewed annual footing in instance of non-journalist employee and journalist employee. The immediate higher-up should measure the work of the subsidiary. PromotionEmployees are given publicities to the higher station and places are said when vacancies are available or when new stations are created at the higher degree. Promotion is treated as a best policy of Mathrubhumi as compared to direct combination. The choice board submits recommendations of publicity to the Managing manager. TransportationTransportation of employee is rather common in Mathrubhumi. Transportation is motion of an employee from one occupation to another without affecting any significant alteration in the responsibilities. duties. position and compensations. Transportations have figure of aims such as traveling of employees to place with higher precedence in footings of organisational ends. puting employee in places more appropriate to their involvement or abilities or make fulling sectionvacancies with employee from over staffed sections. Employees are transferred new units where experient forces are required. Mathrubhumi considers the employee petition for transportation. Training AND DEVELOPMENTIn Mathrubhumi. the preparation of employees is mostly under taken through on the occupation method. Training is chiefly given in production section. They are of two types * Training by machine supply When a new machine is brought by the organisation. an expert excessively is provided wherein he trains the worker so that the worker is able to run efficiency and shall be cognizant of the assorted runing process of the new machine. After the worker has become familiar with the machine the expert is send back. * External training/ consultancies This type of preparation is done by assorted external consultancies. Some of the consultancies that provide developing in Mathrubhumi are. * National Institute of Personal Management* Kerala Productivity Council* Confederation of Indian Industry* Management Development Programmes ( IIM K ) These consultancies offer developing plan for employees in the signifier of workshop. After developing Program is over ; the employee has to fix a study. which is to be submitted to the immediate foreman. Here the employee is besides asked to portion his preparation experience with others. Wage AND SALARY ADMINISTRATION Wage and salary represent a significant portion of entire cost in the organisation. Wagess are given as per the pay board constituted by the cardinal of India. Depending on gross different categories are formed and each category so many graduated tables are prescribed and under each graduated table different appellations are at that place. The categorizations are like 1A. 1B etc. Mathrubhumi is in category A place. Salary = basic wage + VDA+HRA+CCA+Here HRA is calculated 12 % of the basic wage LABOUR WELFARE ACTIVITIES Labor public assistance activities include proviso of assorted installations and comfortss in and around the work topographic point for the better life of the workers. Welfare services relate to physical and societal well-being of employees both within and outside the organisation. Within the organisation include commissariats of medical benefits. diversion installations. canteens. remainder room etc. but outside the organisation public assistance agreements include proviso for the lodging society. medical progress for the household. assorted economic services like fillip. ESI etc. mathrubhumi has a work commission to look after the public assistance of the employee. The work commission includes 3 members from the direction and 6 members from the employees. The of import public assistance steps provided by are as follows Canteen A canteen is provided and maintained for the usage of workers. Food is given to the employees six times in a twenty-four hours at free of cost. More than 100 employees can take nutrient at a clip. There is a canteen commission in Mathrubhumi and consist of 9 members. 3 represent employers and 6 represent employees. MEDICAL BENEFIT SCHEME For run intoing medical benefits of employees. Mathrubhumi has established a tie up with New India Assurance Company Ltd. in which the company pay the half of the premium and staying half is paid by the employee. By this installation employees are acquiring a upper limit of 40. 000. Besides this. company meet the disbursals of kidney organ transplant. bosom jobs etc. on petition from the employee side. medical scrutiny and intervention are given to the employees working in canteen and vision trials are done for the employees. VDU operators. scanners etc. SOCIAL SECURITY SCHEMES Mathrubhumi provides assorted societal security strategies such as provident fund. tip. ESI. festival allowances etc. PROVIDENT FUND Mathrubhumi is fulfilling all the demands of the employee’s provident fund. household pension fund etc. There is trust named ‘Mathrubhumi Employees Provident Fund’ . which consist of 6 members from employer’s side and 3 from employees side meets on occasion to set up loans from employers. This trust meets one time in 3 months and they discuss for the application for the loans. Housing loans and pension strategies are provided from the pension fund. The trust has opened an history in SBI. The company is infering the PF sum from the employee wage. Trust will lend the sum to the employee as per demand. The balance is invested in bonds. and securities as per the waies of Cardinal authorities. Monthly part of employee in to the provident fund is 12. 5 % of the basic wage or 12 % of the basic wage plus VDA whichever is higher. Company part is 8. 33 % deserving 6500 ceiling. Gratuity Gratuity is paid to the employee as per the Gratuity Act 1972. For this purpose company has established a tie up with Life Insurance Corporation and introduced a group insurance strategy. Bonus Bonus is given as per the Bonus Act 1965. 50 % of fillip is paid during the Onam festival and the remainder is paid during at the clip Vishu. SALARY ADVANCE It is given during the gap of schools to run into the extra disbursals and is recovered as monthly installments. E. S. I Statutory ESI is provided for the wellness security of the employees. Employee should lend 1. 75 % of their wage and direction contributes 4. 75 % towards the strategy. Employees gaining below 15000are covered under this strategy. LEAVE TRAVEL ALLOWANCE This strategy is provided to all type of employees. Employees can utilize this installation one time in two old ages and they will acquire one month basic wage. SUPERANNUATION PENSION SCHEME For this pension Mathrubhumi has its ain separate fund called ‘Mathrubhumi Superannuation fund’ . This fund provides pension to the employees after their retirement or decease while in service. Employees who have completed 15 old ages and attained the age of 60 are eligible for pension. Employees retired on voluntary retirement rudimentss on medical evidences are besides eligible for this pension. WORK COMMITTEE The organisation has a work commission for public assistance activities of the company. This works commission consist of 9 members. 3 members from the employers and 6 members from the employees. The continuance of the commission is 2 old ages. The commission is besides entrusted with the duty of carry oning jubilation. In the past organisation has joint direction council for workers participant in direction. Housing Society Mathrubhumi has lodging society known as ‘Mathrubhumi Employee Co-operative Provident Housing Society Ltd’ . It was started in 1973 for giving loans to buy house. The rank is mandatory to all employees. The board of members consist of 13 members. 3 are from direction side and 10 from employee side. Its term of office is 3 old ages. Every employee has to lodge 5 % of his basic wage in the society every month and direction will lend equal portion. 6 % involvement is given for the sedimentation. an sum of 2 hundred thousand is given as lodging loan with 8 % involvement and it is repayable in 60 installments. The direction of Mathrubhumi has a tie up with SBI for run intoing loan more than Rs 2 hundred thousand. The forte of the society is that it generates income out of its ain fund. CREDIT SOCIETY Mathrubhumi has its ain recognition society ( Mathrubhumi imperativeness employee co-operative multipurpose society ) for run intoing the loan demand of the employee. The board of managers consists of 7 members and term of office is 5 old ages. Recognition society is supplying 3 types of loans:* A loan of 1 hundred thousand repayable in 60 months* A consumer loan of 25000* An exigency loan of Rs. 10000 OTHER WELFARE MEASURES* Night displacement allowances are given to the employees who work in the dark displacement. * Provide kiping stuffs like beds. pillow. bed sheet etc. * Reimbursement of subscription charges of day-to-day and periodicals at the disbursals of the company * Conveyance allowances are provided to the intelligence newsmans. lensmans. journalist who work in dark displacement * Provide pregnancy benefits to the adult females employees and disablement benefits to the employees in instance of accidents that occurs during class of employment * The organisation distributes gifts to its employees during the jubilee twenty-four hours jubilation * The organisation arrange periodical oculus trial for the employee. A maximal sum of Rs. 250 is reimbursed for eyeglassess. * Theorganisation has a nine for amusement and library in the production unit. * Depending up on the recommendation of higher-ups non monitory wagess are given. * Transport installations are provided for the di rectors at the dark displacement. * Vehicle loan is provided to the employees and has tie up with SBT * Telephone allowance is provided to the executives. * Car allowances to the subdivision caputs.Besides all these. the organisation provide occupation to the boies or girls to the employees. provided they should be qualified or eligible for the occupation. Besides due weight age will be given to the kids of the employees for choice of assorted classs of staff. SAFETY MEASURESSafety preparation is provided to the employees. The safety cell inspects the mill on a periodic basic and suggests recommendations. Slippers/ shoes/ uniforms are provided to the workers in the imperativeness. Washing allowance and sewing charge are besides given LABOUR MANAGEMENT RELATIONSHIPThree major independent brotherhoods are at that place in Mathrubhumi. which are non affiliated to any political party. They are affiliated to All India Newspaper Employees Confederation * Journalist brotherhood * Voice of Mathrubhumi employees* Mathrubhumi non-journalist brotherhoodThese brotherhoods play an of import function in the execution of the labour public assistance step in Mathrubhumi.INDUSTRIAL DISCIPLINEMathrubhumi has its ain standing order which is by the Deputy Labor commissioner. For illustration. if the employee’s attending record shows that he has a record of accustomed absence. a charge sheet as per standing order is issued by the forces section. If the employees submit satisfactory account the charges are dropped. but if it is unsatisfactory. a charge sheet will be issued and domestic question is conducted by a enquiry officer who is an external individual. The Mathrubhumi will take the neededdisciplinary action depending upon the degree of misconduct. It can run from excluding increases or transportation or demotion or dismissal. SECURITY DEPARTMENT GENERAL STRUCTURE MANAGING DIRECTOR DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER SENIOR MANGE RPERSONNEL CHIEF SECURITY OFFICER Security GUARDS Security section trades with safety or the protection of the edifice and the milieus of the organisation. protection of the files. paperss and equipment’s in the organisation. protection of employees and visitants and safeguarding of the good will of the organisation. The on the job hours of security officers are nine hours twenty-four hours during responsibility with one hr interruption. and seven hours during dark responsibility without interruption. FUNCTIONS OF SECURITY DEPARTMENT * Security of edifice and milieusThis includes security during dark ; commanding the visitants and vehicles. control of larceny. taking actions during accidents. accident bar. storage of lock and keys. fire battles etc. Fire dismaies and jimmiess are provided at each floor at MM imperativeness and other printing Stationss. Huge H2O armored combat vehicle of about 3 lakh capacity is provided for H2O storage. Public proclamation system is besides provided at MM imperativeness. The one-year care work of all firefighting equipment is given to some companies in this field. * Safety of files and paperssFor the intent of no escape of information. the particular individuals are appointed for managing and hive awaying the files and paperss. * Security of workers and visitantsThe security should keep the inside informations of every employee in the organisation. Employees have to have on their ID card. Visitors card are given to visitants. * HousekeepingIt is another map which is under the control of security officer. Housekeeping is done by sweepers. glass cleaners. floor cleaners etc. The hygienic working topographic point will supply a better working environment and will increase the comfort of workers and they will be able to work more expeditiously which n bend addition the productiveness. * Public dealingssSecurity plays an of import function in keeping the good will of the organisation. TIME AND GENERAL SECTION GENERAL SRTUCTUREMANAGING DIRECTOR DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER HRD SENIOR MANAGER – PERSONNEL ASSISTANT PERSONNEL OFFICER Clerical STAFF The clip section is another subdivision at Mathrubhumi caput office whichcoming under the Deputy General Manager HRD. Its chief map is clip maintaining. Five staff is employed in this subdivision. This is the subdivision where the readying of attending registries. leave registry. readying of annually and one-year return of the mill is done. FUNCTIONS OF TIME SECTION * Making of attending of imperativeness employees in the registry in each displacement each twenty-four hours * Preparation of late comers list every month* Issuing of leave proceeding to office/editorial staff to all units * Checking of night/ Sunday verifiers from assorted subdivisions with attending registries. responsibility registries and fixing list of EDP every month * Issuing of canteen tickets to employees * Arranging payment of sewing charges. chapel/ shoe allowance to employees * Issuing of work frock to all employees* Verification of car charge verifiers of journalist employees * Issuing of kiping stuff* Posting of orders in the several paginations of employees of all units * Preparation of absentees list every month* Preparation of return to national samples study every month * Sending one-year returns to adult females welfare officer in regard of adult females employees * Transport and care of company vehicles * Other plants assigned by superior officers from clip to clip ATTENDANCE SYSTEM The office staffs have to set their signature in the several signature registry. The office clip is 9. 30 am to 5. 30 autopsy. For imperativeness employees card system is implemented harmonizing to Kerala mill regulations. The employee figure and other inside informations will be in the card. They have to set their cards in a box kept at security counter and will be taken to clip subdivision where the attending is marked. Separate attending registry are kept for editorial staff. office staff. online trainees. imperativeness trainees etc. LEAVE AVAILABLE * Editorial staffCasual leave – 15days /year. Casual leave can be taken at a stretch of 5 yearss. For journalist during probation 12 insouciant leave and privilege leave Medical leave – 10days/ twelvemonth * Office staffCasual leave – 15 days/year. the twelvemonth will be calculated from March – February. Casual leave can be taken at a stretch of 10 yearss including vacations. Medical leave – 6 days/year. 180 yearss during the full service Privilege leave – 1 twenty-four hours for 11 yearss. 33 yearss of privilege leave in a twelvemonth If the entire figure of privilege leave exceeds 90days. the extra yearss can be en-cashed. * Assorted leave Maternity leave – up to 12weeksFestival holidays – in add-on to one-year paid vacations. hebdomadal vacations. republic twenty-four hours. May Day. Sivrathri. Vishu. Independence Day. Onam. Deepavali and Mathrubhumi twenty-four hours are allowed with rewards. Selling DEPARMENT GENERAL STRUCTUREMANAGING DIRECTOR DIRECTOR – MARKETING A ; ELECTRONIC MEDIA GENERAL MANAGER SellingGENERAL MANAGER ADVERTISEMENTDEPUTY MARKETING MANAGER – RESEARCHDEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER CIRCULATION Outside UNITSADVERTISEMENT DEPARTMENTDEPUTY MARKETING MANAGER – CIRCULATION CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT BOOK STALLRESEARCH A ; DEVELOPMENT MANAGER- MBTVMANAGER- BOOKS SALESMANAGER- Exhibition Any merchandise when it is non marketed decently will non win or will non go a competent one in the market. The truth is same in the instance of newspaper industry besides. The smothering struggles between different newspapers are to the growing of the industry. Many newspapers are following different selling schemes to increase their circulation. In Mathrubhumi manager selling and electronic media is the caput of the selling section. Equally far as Mathrubhumi is concerned. selling activity is combined attempt to both advertizement and circulation section. In fact circulation section is concerned with advancing the newspaper thereby increasing its circulation. Marketing section is largely concerned with roll uping advertizement. This can be printed or displayed in the newspaper and thereby doing money out of it. Marketing section includes advertizement besides. Function OF MARKETING DEPARTMENT* Planning. analysing and implementing the full activities of selling section * Monitoring the advertisement aggregation activities* Co-ordinating the activities associating with publication of regular and periodical addendums * Organizing the activities of the field executives both outside and inside Kerala * Follow up missed advertizement * Promotion of the organisation and merchandise* Research and development activities* Conducting preparation plans for marketing executives Type OF SellingThere are two types of selling in Mathrubhumi. That is Space selling andMerchandise selling. Space selling agencies selling infinite in the newspaper to the advertizement bureaus. Advertisement section trades with Space selling. Product selling means happening a market for the merchandise and selling it. This is done by the circulation section. In general. the selling can be divided in to the undermentioned * Space Marketing – advertizement * Product Marketing – newspaper/publications ADVERTISEMENT DEPARTMENT Ad is the portion of selling. The chief map of advertisement section is infinite selling. The advertizement are received and processed in this section. General Manager – advertisement is in charge of advertisement section. Ad directors of all units report to him. The chief aims of advertizement section is happening a market for new merchandise launch. undertaking the competition from rivals. creative activity of good will. create trade name public presentation etc. Collection of advertizement is the most of import map of advertisement section. Classifieds and expose subdivision roll up the advertizement for day-to-day and periodical subdivision collects the advertizement for periodicals. TYPES OF ADVERTISEMENT IN MATHRUBHUMIAssorted types of advertizements given in Mathrubhumi are classifieds. advertizements. marital advertizement. ear panel advertizement. expose advertisement etc. The classified advertizement will be shown in one or two sentence. Mathrubhumi classifieds includes existent estate. calling line. matrimonial. instruction. wellness etc. Marital advertizement is a sort of classified advertizement. This type of advertizements will be published in all editions. Ear panel advertizements are shown in top place in the front page and normally are shown either on the right side or left side or both sides. Display advertizement will be shown within a box or any page of the newspaper. Beginnings OF ADVERTISEMENT * Ins accredited bureaus: These are the advertisement bureaus that are accredited by News Paper Society * Mathrubhumi approved bureaus: Agencies act as a beginning of advertizement. Mathrubhumi will give blessing to the bureau when a bank warrant is submitted. Normally the sum varies from 1 – 2 hundred thousand * Counter engagement: people can come and give the order for the advertizement and the payment is done on the topographic point * Advertisement executives: Selling executives are individuals recruited for converting advertizers and roll uping advertizement from them by stating about the characteristics. strategies. price reductions. and duties available to clients from Mathrubhumi. They maintain a good relationship with their client and roll up the advertisement day-to-day and periodicals * Government organisation: Government organisation sometime act as a beginning of advertizement for Mathrubhumi. Government advertizement are normally in the signifier of notice o f stamps. societal plans etc. * Journalist: Ad besides come through journalist * Agents: – Agents from different country act as a beginning of advertizement for Mathrubhumi. The advertizements which these agents normally bring are classifieds. nuptials. obituary etc. The agents are given 15 % of committee * Ads in Mathrubhumi: – Ads are telecasted during seriess of MBTV are dealt by the channel itself. CIRCULATION DEPARTMENTThe chief map of circulation section is merchandise selling. Mathrubhumi has got merchandises including day-to-day. Other merchandises include Diary. Calendar. Panchangam and addendums released during festival juncture like Ramzan. Shabarimala season etc. The basic aim of circulation section is to increase the circulation and readership. There are two subdivisions in Mathrubhumi. Calicut subdivision and corporate subdivision. The Calicut subdivision trades with circulation of Calicut edition merely. The corporate subdivision trades with circulation of all other editions. The circulation of periodicals is besides dealt under circulation section. FUNCTIONS OF CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT* Formulation of promotional strategies* Conducting trade name edifice plan* Sponsoring of plans* Logistics direction DISTRIBUTION CHANNELIn Mathrubhumi Calicut about 900 agents are working. Agents are selected in contract footing. After publishing the figure of transcripts required for each agent is sorted out and packed as packages for the transit and distribution. The conveyance vehicles are hired in contract footing. Normally the contract is given for 1 twelvemonth and is extended or continued. Then the agent will roll up the packages from several topographic points and they distribute the newspaper to the readers. The agents are engaging the newspaper boys for administering. PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES These are undertaken by both advertizement and circulation section. The chief aim is to increase the circulation and readership. Two types of promotional activities being conducted by direction are ; * Promotion of company * Promotion of merchandiseSeparate programs are formulated for day-to-day and periodicals and that are by circulation section. Offers Posters. spines. gifts. are offered along with periodicals like Balabhumi. Chitrabhumi. Grihalakshmi. Sports masika etc AUDIT BUREAU It was founded in 1948. It consists of publishing houses and advertisement agents. PRIMARY OBJECTIVES To get at and attest reliable circulation figures stand foring cyberspace paidgross revenues of member publication and circulate the day of the month for the usage infinite purchasers. Finance Department GENERAL STRUCTURESenior GENERAL MANAGER- FINANCE INTERNAL AUDITCORP. ACCOUNTS ACCOUNT OFFICER SENIOR CLERK JUNIOR CLERK Mathrubhumi is a company which performs the function of a maker and marketer. Manufacturer in sense. Mathrubhumi in the production section produce the publications. Sellers in the sense they sells out these publications. Income Mathrubhumi is from that is sold out. The of import determination taken in the finance section are investing determination. fund demand determination etc. Manufacturing procedure starts right from the acquisition of natural stuffs like newspaper. ink. home base. chemicals. machinery and other procedure like care of assets production procedure. selling procedure which includes selling of the merchandises and its distribution etc. involves finance. Finance section plays a major function in be aftering the organisation needs for raising the necessary financess and seting them to effectual usage. FUNCTIONS OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT * Preparation of balance sheet and net income A ; loss history * Preparation of one-year budget* Preparation of hard currency flow statement* Preparation of paysheet* Arranging finance for assorted fiscal demands* Calculation of labour and overhead cost of an operation and merchandise * Monitoring attending records of the employees for computation of fillip and allowances * Provide information sing each gross. payments. supplying information about gross revenues revenue enhancement. roll uping gross revenues revenue enhancement returns. registering returns etc. FINANCIAL NEEDS IN MATHRUBHUMI * Short term fiscal demands: – It includes the demands of finance within one twelvemonth. This type of finance is used to buy the natural stuffs. Power. to pay rewards and salary. to pay revenue enhancements etc. * Medium term fiscal demands: – The medium term finance is for 1 to 5 old ages. This type of finance is used in those plants which are neither fixed nor liquid. In the instance of Mathrubhumi the medium term finance Idaho used for replacing of ingredients. furniture. care of edifice etc. * Long term fiscal demands: – Long term fiscal demands are besides called Long term capital or fixed capital. In instance of Mathrubhumi. long term fiscal financess are used for care and replacing of old machines. purchase of excess machines. systems and accoutrements for puting up new edifices for get downing a new edition or the enlargement of the bing edition Beginnings OF INCOME* Ad* Books division* Security sedimentation by agents* Financial establishments* Scrap gross revenues PURCHASE DEPARTMENT GENERAL STRUCTUREPURCHASE MANAGER SENIOR CLERK JUNIOR CLERK Purchase section is the section that trades with the purchase of natural stuffs. spares. machines etc. Purchases of stuffs for all units are purchased through caput office. Merely little stationary points can be purchased at all several units. There is 9 working staff in the purchase section. Deputy General Manager ( Materials ) and purchase officer are the signing authorization. The storage installation for the imported goods is at Cochin. One Accounts officer and 3 staff are working at that place. Function OF PURCHASE DEPARTMENT * Making orders for purchase of natural stuffs of the coveted quality and measure * Keeping record of natural stuffs purchased* Receiving and look intoing the natural stuffs* Covering with natural stuffs and purchase payments* Keeping appropriate stock list degree throughout procedure * Taking appropriate stairss in rectifying job sing stuffs PURCHASE PROCEDURE* Purchase requisitionIt is a written petition sent to inform the purchase section about the demand for stuffs surplus. material requisition signifier will be filled and given to buy section. which is in demand of the stuff. The stuffs will be given from the shop besides. The specifics are entered into the shop registry and purchase registry. * Purchase questionIt is the procedure of directing in the prescribed enquiry signifier citing the measure. point rate. unit etc. After look intoing whether the neededspecification are met or non. the purchase section invite citations * Receiving citationQuestion is sent and citations are invited from seller. Purchase section maintains the list of the providers and their references. The standard citations are sent to several subdivision. After verifying whether the needed specification are met or non. the citations may be accepted or rejected. * Purchase orderOnce the citation is accepted the purchase section sends the purchase order. Purchase order is the written petition to the seller of specified goods at an in agreement monetary value. It is stipulated the footings of bringing and payment. * Receiving stuffWhen the goods ordered are delivered the shop will publish the goods received note ( GRN ) . The seller will compare the measure with purchase order and GRN and frontward to the Accounts Department Major RAW MATERIALS Newspaper is the chief stuffs used in Mathrubhumi. Imported and autochthonal newspapers are used. It forms 60 % of the entire cost. News prints are besides obtained through pool which consists of The Hindu. Malayala Manorama. Mathrubhumi. and Deccan Herald. Printing ink. home base and chemicals. movie. uniform for staff. stationary points. periodicals and books for editorial staff and executives etc. are other stuffs to be purchased. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT GENERAL STRUCTUREDIRECTOR – EDITORIAL ADMINISTRATION EDITOR DAILYEditor Periodical Journalists The column section is responsible for reasonably much everything that appears in your publication that isn’t advertisement. Its chief end is to describe the intelligence accurately and in a reader-friendly manner. This section determines what to show and what to avoid. An editorial division is considered as the karyon of every newspaper company. The section has got a major function in every activities of the company right from roll uping the intelligence. The newspaper is drafted by separate group of people the column division edits intelligence brought by the newsmans. public and letter writers. In Mathrubhumi there are separate editors for Daily and weeklies. CoverageThe intelligence collected by letter writer line drives. staff newsmans is reported at describing subdivision. Staff reporters cover the events happening regionally or locally. The affair will be send to the cardinal desk where it is edited. Desk The affairs provided by bureaus come in digital format and the main bomber editor translates. It is besides edited by the main bomber editor checks it. Then the text is composed. The affair is to be included in the day-to-day and the page layout are fixed at the meeting presided by the editor. Then the affairs go to production desk. They prepare page layout in the silent person in which the place of each will be fixed. The silent person is given to the exposure composing subdivision for folio procedure. PAGINATION PROCESS The first page. editorial page. athleticss page and half of the seventh page are fixed by the caput office itself and the inside informations will be directing to all the units in digital format. Little difference or alterations can go on in the 1st page harmonizing to the importance of the intelligence at the several units. Subjects for editorial page are divided by editors and deputy manager. Mathrubhumi day-to-day is compared and checked all other dailies like Malayala Manorama. the Hindu. Economic Times and Deshabhimani etc. for happening out the losing intelligence in Mathrubhumi. NRE DESK This is the desk which deals with the outside Kerala printing unit of Mathrubhumi. At Mumbai. Chennai. Bangalore. and New Delhi Mathrubhumi have got newsmans and lensmans. They collect the intelligence and sent it to the NRE desk at the caput office. They translate it if necessary and fixing silent person are given to the exposure composing subdivision for folio. After that the page is sent to the several printing units through computing machine and at publishing units the

The music business has changed radically. Can an employee whos been an Essay

The music business has changed radically. Can an employee whos been an Industry Legend Keep Up - Essay Example Helping business managers make rational decisions when faced with an ethical dilemma calls for determination and sophistication (McCullough and Faught, 2005). In the case study of Powerful Entertainment, the major ethical dilemma facing Noel Klein, the company’s CEO is on whether to lay Bob off or keep him. Noel argues that Bob has been in the company for so long as the sales managers although at present he is not selling anything. Despite the great changes in the industry within which Bob operates over the past 20 years, Bob has not changed at all (Guterman, 2010). He does not know anything about digital marketing although technology is moving towards this. Moreover he does not add to the sales of the company although he is the highest paid employee in the company. The CEO argues that Bob is taking up a vacancy for another sales person who would be able to achieve the targets. On the other hand, Bob has so much to offer to the company. Noel concedes that he has valuable inter personal skills. Bob is an icon in the company linking it to the past. Furthermore, he is the one responsible of keeping Mark Sender in the company. Mark Sender is an important figure in the company since he helps make almost 30 percent more revenues than other performers (Guterman, 2010). The other reason that makes it had for the CEO to decide on the way to handle Bob is given the fact that he is loved by most employees and therefore his exit may lead to loss of other critical employees or affect their effectiveness. He motivates other employees to work although this cannot be quantified. He is imaginative and adored by other workers and young employees have a lot to learn from him. Rita who has called upon by the CEO is expected to give her decision on the case of Bob Antice.... This research is the best example of comparison of the utilitarian, libertarian, deontological and virtue ethics perspective on the ethical dilemma facing Powerful Company. From an evaluation of the different ethical perspectives, the researcher proposes that Noel should adopt a combination of utilitarian and libertarian perspective to demystify the ethical dilemma facing the company. By employing the utilitarian perspective, the CEO would take time to evaluate the impacts of his actions. Utilitarian perspective like a social cost benefit analysis carries out any evaluation of the impacts of an action before it is implemented to help avoid costly mistakes in the process of making decisions. As such the CEO would be able to quantify the impacts of sacking Bob for not achieving the sales targets in relation to his benefits to the company. Since the perspective views the good of an individual as independent from their rights, it would be easy to conclude on whether to replace Bob or ret ain him in the organization. If his value in the organization does not match the pay, he should be replaced. From a libertarian perspective, Noel’s decision should be geared towards ensuring that maximum benefits to the shareholders of the company. In light of this statement, the decision adopted must ensure there will be maximum returns to the shareholders. From this perspective, it would be critical to evaluate the value of Bob to the company, does he actually motivate staff? Or does he help young guys to the company learn and how the two add value to company.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Wireless Networking Essay

Advantages and Disadvantages of Wireless Networking - Essay Example It uses technologies such as the Bluetooth as well as other unguided media such as satellite, radio and microwave transmissions among others (Tanenbaum, 2004). This essay is a critical evaluation of wireless networking, discussing both the advantages and disadvantages of this form of data information transmission. Developments in the Information technology sector have greatly enhanced the modes of doing business especially in time management and the timely delivery of results. For example, most of the companies and institutions have allowed their employees to telecommute. Telecommuting is the process through which an employee is allowed to work from his personal computer at any location be it home, vehicle etc without necessarily having to report to the office, where the company’s computers are located (Kurose, 2002). By doing so, assignments given to the employees can be completed during their own free time instead of having them work overtime thereby denying them the pleasure to be with their families, who require their presence at home as early as possible. After completing the assignments, an employee, having been allowed to access the company’s databases, can send them directly from his remote computer so that once the offices are opened, the information can be put into use without any delay. However, this may be difficult or impossible without the wireless connectivity, which facilitates remote transmission of data from one computer to the other (Smith, 2003). There is also the technology of video conferencing and VOIP, which facilitates meetings for example by the board of directors who do not have to meet physically thereby minimizing the cost of travelling or accommodation. However, this mode of communication can incorporate both wireless and wire networks. This is from the perspective that the board members may be connected to the internet by wire or wireless networks but for them to communicate

The Effect of Workplace Conflicts on Productivity Essay

The Effect of Workplace Conflicts on Productivity - Essay Example Labour is one of the crucial factors of production, providing the necessary link between the raw materials, other factors of production, and the final products, their distribution and delivery to the final consumer. In simple terms, labour, otherwise known as workforce, comprises of all the various players including employees, their employers, managers, self-employed people, and in a sense, the unemployed population capable of providing labour (Reddy, 2004: 27). Though different perspectives have been taken, the argument that conflict in the workplace, in any of its forms, is not an important barrier to productivity nor is it an interesting topic for economic theory can be challenged. In several dimensions, work place conflicts have become normalities and facts of life. Diversity of opinions, which results from increasing labour in a workplace setting has contributed to different goals and objectives, which conflict in one way or the other. It can be argued from theoretical perspecti ve that though perceived negatively, conflicts in workplace are not at all times a negative thing. For as long as resolutions are effectively executed, chances of both personal and professional growth in the organization within which the conflicts exist can be promoted. However, management failure and evident reduced productivity have become the most common outcomes once an organization is faced by conflicts (Gramberg, 2006:68). Many of the factors that cause these conflicts are developed from within the organization. Through publications, several factors have been noted as the core contributors of workplace conflicts. For instance, poor wages by employees contributes immensely to these conflicts. Although workers have given their time and labor to contribute to the organizations’ progress, their efforts have not been reciprocated. As a result, they do not feel motivated. Though scholars believe that the result of reduced motivation is reduced output, which consequently reduc e productivity (Maravelas, 2008:14), the magnitude of the reduced productivity is not in any way negligible hence considered a factor to reduced productivity. Another factor contributing to workplace conflicts and believed to lower productivity is poor working condition. Companies that have recorded continuous growth from time to time have evidenced excellent working conditions, which include insurance and medical cover for all workers. When this covers are provided, workers feel part of the company or organization and feel protected at the same time hence productivity increases through increased individual output (Maravelas, 2008:69). Within organizations, bullying has taken place where by some individuals are considered less than others are. This trend still occurs during making of decision affecting the organizations. Whereby theorists advocate that all workers are involved in the process of decision-making, this is not the case. Management makes all the decisions on behalf of ot her people in the organization, including the decisions that affect the employees. Such a state is a form of bullying hence workers feel that they have been considered inferior and as a result relax in their work hence due to conflicts that result as they fight for their rights. This eventually leads to reduced produc

Financial Performance Analysis of Amazon

Financial Performance Analysis of Amazon Executive Summary Amazon.com, Inc (Amazon) registered strong growth of 36% in 2008 mainly due to increased unit sales and expanded sales base in several categories. Meanwhile during the 3rd quarter of 2009, Amazon managed to report a steady growth despite the recession period. This report reviews and analyse Amazon financial performance as well as comparison with its competitors. All analysis and ratios are derived from data collected from respective companies annual reports and www.reuters.com. Brief Description of the Company Amazon is one of the leading online retailers in the world based in Seattle, Washington, United States of America. The company started its operation in 1995 and has regional involvement in the Asia Pacific, North America and Western Europe. Initially the core business of the company is selling online books however has diversified to products such as apparel, electronic and home improvement products. The company is involved in the internet retailing industry with 7.5% market share in 2008. The e-commerce industry has gone through major phases of growth and decline however, Amazon persevered and surprised everyone. Amazon achieved its first annual profit in 2003 and has continuously performed better each year. Amazons main competitors are the book retailer, Barnes and Nobles (BN) and third party retailing non-book related good, Ebay.com (Ebay). BN and Ebay are engaged in the similar industry as Amazon, which is online business and catalogue retailing of single and diversified product lines In terms of market capitalisation, Amazon has the highest at $59.57 billion and followed by Ebay and BN at $30.59 billion and $1.21 billion respectively. This indicates that Amazon has greater stability and low risk compared to the competitors. Financial Analysis Profitability The companys performance has improved wherein it has performed above the projections made throughout the four years period. Net sales have increased by 29.2% from $14,835 million in 2007 to $19,166 million in 2008 with net income of $476 million and $645 million respectively. The Cost of Sales (COS) has increased throughout the years partly contributed from the free shipping cost and has affected the net income figure. There was a drop in the net income in 2006 due to increase spending on technology and content and in income tax expenses. However, the said figure has increased thereafter. In terms of sales, Amazon has performed double from the competitors throughout the four-year period. Sales increased tremendously primarily due to low prices, vast selection of products and free shipping offers. However, in terms of Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Ebay operated at 74% has outperformed Amazon at 23% in 2008. The reason behind this is due to Amazons high expenditure on Cost of Sales (COS), which is about 70% of its sales value. The high COS was mainly contributed from the free shipping cost incurred. In comparison to Ebay, the company applies different business model from Amazon and have managed to minimise its expenditure on COS at about 20% of its sales value and therefore reflected to a high GPM. GPM proves that eBay is generating a very large percent of net income from each dollar of sales and this contributes greatly to the growing of eBays overall financial strength. Meanwhile, BN showed a better margin because of its smaller size and the retailer aspect. Amazon and BN have a stable Operating Profit Margin (OPM) of 4% compared to Ebay, which fluctuates within the same period. Its constant operating expenses of 20% from its sales value support the stable growth for Amazons OPM. Ebays fluctuation figures are resulted from high expenses incurred from selling, general and administrative. Based on the industry standard, Amazon and its competitors have performed ahead from the standard, which are 14.1% and 0.53% for GPM and OPM respectively. The low OPM standard can be ascribed to the effect of the recent financial crisis. As of the 3rd quarter of 2009, Amazons sales were $14,989 million with net income of $518 million. For the current year, it is projected a further increase of 21% and 19.5% in sales and COS respectively from 2008 primarily to the low prices, vast selection and free shipping offers. With the said sales projection, the net profit is projected at $743 million in 2009. The basis for the projection takes into consideration on the global economic downturn and changes in customer purchasing preferences. Based on the current quarter performance, the same trend was observed wherein Amazon is still having the highest net sales while Ebay still dominating the net income figure. BN was badly hit from the result of economic crisis. In comparison with the competitors, Amazons Return on Equity (ROE) was high in 2005 at 135% but drastically dropped throughout the years to 40% and 20% in 2007 and 2008 respectively. The main reason for the decrease was due to the yearly increase in the businesss equity. As at 2008, Amazons ROE is equivalent to the competitors and is expected to be in line with the competitors in the future. In comparison on the ROE and Return on Assets (ROA), Amazon has the highest growth among its competitors as it has a smaller capital base than Ebay and a higher profit level than BN. The high ROE is indicates that Amazon is continuing to grow. Meanwhile the ROA showed that Amazon is efficient in generating income from its assets compared to its competitors. The industry standard for the ROE and ROA are 3.8% and 1.6% respectively. The lower industry standard might be driven by the economic condition, which has a great impact to the performance and profitability of most companies. There was an increase of 1% for each year from 2006 to 2008 for the Return on Investment (ROI), whereas the Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) was at the highest in 2008 at 29%. These have indicated that Amazon is efficientat using its assets to generate earnings compared to the competitors. Liquidity and leverage analysis The companys current ratios are more or less similar to BN during the four-year period. The companys current ratio was between the ranges of 1.3 to 1.5 for the past four years. This indicates that Amazon is able to lay its hands on $1.30-$1.50 for every $1.00 they owe. In comparison between current and acid test ratio, acid test ratio is lower at average of 1.0 within the years. It will enable the company to cover its short-term liabilities adequately with its liquid assets. This is within some of the industry standards of 1:1, showing that the company will be able to cover its short-term liabilities adequately with its liquid assets. In comparison with the industry, Ebay performed better than Amazon for both the current ratio and acid test ratio. Amazon fell below the standard in the initial years but almost meeting the standard in 2008 at 1.5:1. Although not performing better than the industry average, Amazon has good and stable ratios, which indicates that the company is able to cover its current liabilities. Amazons gearing ratio was high in 2005 at 86% and subsequently reduces within the years to 13% in 2008. Due to the operational efficiency, increased sales and improved liquidity, Amazon was able to reduce its debt and currently the business is funded with internal generated funds. Meanwhile, Ebay has no borrowings and BN has an average of 30% for the gearing ratio. The high borrowing in 2005 has a huge impact on the debt-to-equity ratio, which was 6:0:1. However as the borrowings is paid, the debt equity ratio when down to 0.2:1 in 2008. This indicates that Amazon has 20 cent debt for every $1 equity the company have. As for BN, its debt/equity ratio was at average of 0.5:1 during the four years. Therefore, in comparison, Amazon is less risky than BN. As Ebay has no borrowing, the interest cover for the said company is high compared to Amazon and Ebay. In comparison with the debt-to-equity ratio set by the industry, Amazon has a very low ratio of 0.2 compared to 40.98. As mentioned earlier, the industry ratio is on the high side due to the economic condition. Investment analysis Amazons common shares outstanding plus shares underlying stock-based awards outstanding totalled 446 million on December 31, 2008, compared with 435 million a year ago. As of to date, the said shares amounted to 451 million. Based on Amazons Earning per Share (EPS) trend, it indicated that the markets willingness to pay for the companys earnings has increased. This indicates that the market foresees Amazons long-term prospects over and above its current position. As at 3rd quarter 2009, the EPS was $1.20 and to grow further based on the companys projection on higher earnings in 4th quarter. Analyst predicts that strong online holiday sales will boost the shares of retailers, including Amazon and has recommended that the said shares will outperform in the market (Reuters.com, 2009). In terms of market performance, Amazons share price fluctuates throughout the years and increased tremendously in 2007 at $92.64 due to the launch of its e-book reader, Kindle. However, during the economy downturn in 2008, the share price dropped to $51.28 due to low operating profit as Amazon begins its price reduction for the goods and services. In 2009, the share price gradually increased and after the 3rd quarter results, it continuously went up and as at 11 December 2009, the share price was $134.15. The current Price/Earning Ratio has increased to 80.70 times from 33.80 times in 2008. Analyst predicted that with a strong revenue growth Amazon would be able to gain significant market share from other competitors (Stahl, 2009). Due to the economic downturn, all companies are affected which was reflected in its performance. Similar to Amazon, Ebays and BNs share prices had an initial stable growth but in 2008 it dropped by about 50%. While others are still struggling to recover from the economic situation, Amazon has showed a growth in 2009 and the share price has currently increased by 168% compared to Ebay and BN at 70% and 62% respectively. Cash flow Analysis As at 3rd quarter 2009, the cash and cash equivalents was $2,514, which a reduction from the opening balances at the beginning of the year of $2,769. During the period, the cash used in financing activities was $229 million compared to $1,199 million in 2008 of which the cash outflows results from repurchases of common stock, repayments of long-term debt. Repayments on long-term debt and payments on capital lease obligations were $379 million for the 3rd quarter 2009 and $335 million in 2008. Meanwhile, free cash flowwas $446 million for the quarter. Throughout the years, Amazon has managed to have a positive cash flow from its operating activities. This indicates a good sign that the core operation of the company is generating income. In comparison of Amazons total liabilities to the cash flow generated from operations, the company has enough funds to cover level of investment and takes about 3.3 years to pay back all its financial commitments. With the current cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities balances, the company is likely to be able to meet its anticipated operating cash needs for at least the next 12 months. In comparison between the cash flow from operating activities and net income, it indicated that Ebay has the higher ability compared to Amazon in managing its operating cash cycle through receivables, payables and inventory. The reason is that Ebay takes advantages of its payable days for as long as 361 days. Due to the similar business model, both companies have a negative cash cycle of which cash is generated from its payable and quick settlement payment from the customers. Management of Working Capital In terms of managing working capital, Amazon had maintained its positive cash flow being the highest at 2007 for an amount of $1,450. This indicates that the company is able to pay off its short-term liabilities and operating expenses accordingly. In comparison between the competitors, Ebay has the highest working capital of $4,023 million in 2007 while BN has the lowest at $841million in 2006. The high working capital for Ebay has enabled the company to be successful in its expansion programme and improve their operations. For the 3rd quarter ending 31st December, Amazons working capital is $1,832 million and is expected to increase further due to higher expectation of sales in the coming quarter. Working capital provides information on the companys underlying operational efficiency. In terms of efficiency, Amazon is efficient in using its assets in generating sales compared to its competitors, which are reflected in the asset turnover ratio. This indicates Amazons improved efficiency in inventory and asset management that is partly supported from the low pricing strategy and low profit margin. In comparison to the competitors, BN has the lowest account receivable days due to its retail business model, which is based on the cash transaction. Based on the account payable days, Ebay has taken advantage on the free source of finance for the business at 361 days compared to Amazon at 62 days. In respect of the inventory days, Amazon is able to turn the inventory quickly as low as 12 days compared to BN at 140 days. BN has high stock inventory days due to the reason of its retailing business model and product which requires some time to be sold. Due to the same business application, both Amazon and Ebay have a negative cash operating cycle, which indicates efficiency in cash management. In term of the industry standard, the three companies are performing above the indicative ratios, which are supported by the significant growth in the industry. Based on the industry standard, Amazon and the competitors are performing ahead from the standard. For the assets turnover ratio, Amazon was the highest at 2 times compared to 0.7 times industry standard. This indicates the companys efficiency at using its assets in generating sales. The reason Amazon performed better than the competitors is relatively derive from the pricing strategy wherein low profit margin company tends to have high asset turnover. Amazon Future Prospects Based on Amazons current performance, it is projected that the company will have a strong growth supported by the low pricing strategy and free shipping. Moreover, the latest acquisition of Zappos.com and improvised version of Kindle are expected to increase Amazon sales which leads to higher profitability. Due to the growth of Amazon, its annual earning is expected to grow over the next two to three years with sales reaching $2.38 million and $2.86 million respectively. Due to robust financial performance during the current economic condition, it has enhances investors confidence. Share prices are expected to increase with earnings of $2.57 and $2.38 per share in 2008 and 2009 respectively. In line with the said growth, Amazon will benefit in gaining additional market share despite tough competition from other online sites such as Ebay. References Amazon.com Annual Report 2008 Available from: http://amazon.com (accessed on 11th November 2009) Amazon.com 3rd Quarter 2009 Report Available from: http://amazon.com (accessed on 11th November 2009) Ebay.com Annual Report 2008 Available from: http://ebay.com (accessed on 11th December 2009) Barnes and Noble Annual Report 2008 Available from: barnesnobleinc.com ((accessed on 11th November 2009) BBC News (2008), Amazon Shares Fall Despite Growth. (Online) Available from: http://news.bbc.co.uk (accessed on 5th December 2009) George Stahl (2009), Amazon Shares Hit All Time High. The Wall Street Journal (0nline), Available from: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB125630854623203899.html (accessed on 4th December 2009) John Pacskowski (2009), Spare Change for Amazon Shares. The Wall Street Journal (Online), Available from: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB125630854623203899.html (accessed on 4th December 2009) Richard Waters and Jonathan Birchall (2009), Amazon Share Surge Recalls Tech Boom Days (Online) Available from:http://ft.com (accessed on 5th December 2009) Reuters.com (2009), Nasdaq rises with Online Retailers Dos Dips on Oil. (Online), http://ul.reuters.com (accessed on 3rd December 2009) www. reuters.com (accessed on 1st December 2009)

Hacking :: Essays Papers

Hacking Computer hackers in today's world are becoming more intelligent. They are realizing that people are constantly developing more hack-proof systems. This presents the hackers with a bigger challenge and a bigger thrill. The government is realizing this and is working on making harsher laws to, hopefully, scare the potential hackers. With the increase in hacking and hacker intelligence, governmental regulation of cyberspace hasn't abolished the fact that it's nearly impossible to bring a hacker to justice. Kevin Mitnick, a hacker who has yet to have a harsh punishment when caught, can somehow lower his punishment for his hacking crimes down to a couple months probation. When Kevin was seventeen, he was caught for breaking into a phone center in Los Angeles. He was tried and sentenced to three months stay in a juvenile detention center and a year probation. Kevin is a very intelligent man. He could use his computer skills in a good way by stopping other hackers. He didn't, so he faced the law many times. In all those times, he never spent more than a year in prison (Shimomura 1). Kevin was also a Phreak; a phone freak. He studied the phone system. He soon knew how to make free phone calls from payphones and how to crash a system. Kevin Mitnick has yet to be harshly punished for these crimes, which are very numerous (Shimomura 1). Another major player in the hacking industry is an unidentified man, identified by his pseudonym, or nick-name, Deth Vegetable. His group of hackers, Cult of the Dead Cow (cDc), is one of the oldest hacker organizations still in effect today. He is the leader and founder of (Cult of the Dead Cow). Cult of the Dead Cow is a leading group in the hacking industry; another leader that has fun with what they do. (Vegetable 1). They are a notorious group of hackers who have a couple problems; one of which is drugs. At a convention that the cDc holds for "some of the most notorious hackers from around the world" (Vegetable 1), one of the members of cDc said "Drugs and hacking go hand-in-hand" (qtd in Vegetable 3). Deth Vegetable said "Taking Drugs is like hacking your brain" (qtd in Vegetable 3). This is the way hackers are, they have fun in hacking, and the more they hack, the more fun they have. "If hacking is taking an electro-chemical computing device and altering it for your own enhancement, then taking XTC [, a type of drug,] is doing the same for your brain.

A Discussion of Symbols in “A Death of Salesman”

The seeds embody Willy's ambition to be both a good father and a â€Å"well-liked† salesman. Willy's nocturnal futile attempt to grow vegetables clearly demonstrates his failure in achieving the American Dream. Another perspective is to see seeds as the pure embodiment of Biff. Willy makes a hard attempt to raise and nurture Biff but despite all his desperate tries, Biff turns out to be a lazy bum. In the same way, Willy tries to grow vegetables but he fails. The other important fact about this symbol is that huge towering shapes behind Willy's house constrict the garden in which vegetables will grow. Because of the limiting space of the garden, nothing substantial can grow. This can be interpreted that the competition, the clemency lacking quality of the American Dream (represented by the towering buildings) ultimately leads to Willy's downfall (the futile seeds). This is a crucial point in understanding and evaluating the play because the American Dream that Willy thought as infallible, in the end proves to be fallible by leading Willy to his downfall. Linda's And Woman's Stockings Reference in the play: (To Willy) Biff: You – you gave her mama's stockings![His tears break through and he rises to go] Discussion: The stockings in this play, in my opinion, represent sexual infidelity. Willy is accused by Biff for giving her mother's stockings to a woman. The important factor here is that Willy could have given the Woman any stocking but vividly in order to empower the symbol, Arthur Miller makes sure that Willy gives the Woman Linda's stockings. It is important to note that right after the Woman in the flashback thanks Willy for the stockings (â€Å"Woman: And thanks for the stockings†), Willy notices that Linda is mending stockings and is nagged by this fact: â€Å"Willy [angrily taking them (stockings) away from her]: I won't have you mending stockings in this house! Now throw them out!† The stockings are absolutely reminiscent of Willy's betrayal. Of course, faced alone with this fact, Willy cannot stand it and therefore commands Linda to throw them out. This depicts Willy's ambivalent character. One Willy betrays Linda. The other Willy cannot stand this fact. Diamond: Reference in the play: Ben [With greater force]: One must go in to fetch a diamond out. Discussion: The diamonds embody the power of tangible wealth or money. In a sense, the diamonds are the solidification of American Dream. Willy invariably, has failed the American Dream and therefore doesn't posses the diamond. The diamonds that made Ben rich also remind Willy that he is a failure. Further qualities of the diamond are revealed by Ben's sentences: â€Å"Ben: A diamond is rough and hard to the touch.† I think what Ben wants to say is that the diamond isn't easy to get (represented by its roughness) but once possessed, it's a valuable asset. â€Å"Ben: It's dark there (jungle, Africa) but full of diamonds† From the wanton, debauched way that Ben wrestles and horses around with Biff (i. e. the way he trips him), it can be concluded that Ben isn't a moral personality. The result of this conclusion is that Ben wasn't very honest when obtaining the diamond. The darkness in this sentence represent the immoralities or the dishonesties one must go through before one can obtain the diamond. Willy's personality, on the other hand, lacks immorality. He has always â€Å"played it fair†, the only exception being his betrayal to Linda. Willy's chronic honesty in business causes him to fail and so he doesn't obtain the diamond. Whereas on the other hand, Ben succeeds. The Rubber Hose: Reference in the play: â€Å"Biff: All right, phony! Then let's lay it on the line. [He whips the rubber hose out of his pocket and puts it on the table] Discussion: The rubber hose is an object that Willy tries to inhale gas with. The significance of this object is that it reminds the audience of Willy's failing attempts to commit suicide. The rubber hose ,in a way the seeds do, represents Willy's failure. Willy tries to commit suicide but even fails that. However, unlike the seed which symbolized Willy's failure to achieve the American Dream, the rubber hose symbolizes Willy's failure to be harmony, in union with himself. Willy ultimately fails to commit suicide because he is ambivalent to the idea of suicide. The rubber hose symbolizes Willy's ambivalence and his failure to find himself, an observation that Willy accused Biff of. The Car and the Chevy: Reference in the play: Biff [rushing down the stairs]: Pop! [As the car speeds off, the music crashes down in a frenzy of sound] Reference to Chevy: Willy: I was thinking of that Chevy. Nine-teen twenty-eight†¦ when I had that red Chevy – [Breaks off.] The car is Willy's ambitions and feelings in life. In the past, he had a Chevy as a car, and Biff used to simonize it. Willy Loman as a young man had ambitions and thought that he was going to thrive and flourish. The Chevy symbolizes all together Willy's ambitions, hopes, dreams as a young man. However as Willy gets old, he suddenly realizes that he isn't the successful businessman he dreamt that he would be. This transformation of Willy's feelings about his life can be paralleled with the transformation of the Chevy into an old rusty car. When Willy suddenly can't take it anymore, he commits suicide with his car. This translates into saying when Willy can not stand the idea that he failed, his feelings (his car) lead him to suicide.